The Effect of Topical Propolis Ointment on Severity of Episiotomy Pain and Wound Healing: A Triple-Blinded Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

New Research Shows Propolis May Help with Postpartum Recovery Pain

If you’ve given birth recently or are preparing for delivery, you know that episiotomy recovery can be one of the most challenging parts of the postpartum period. The pain, discomfort, and worry about proper healing affects thousands of new mothers every day — making those precious first weeks with your baby feel overwhelming instead of joyful.

Propolis ointment may significantly reduce episiotomy pain and support faster wound healing, according to a 2025 clinical trial of 72 women. Participants using propolis twice daily for 10 days reported notably less pain and showed better healing outcomes compared to those using a placebo.

What the Research Discovered

This groundbreaking study from Tabriz University of Medical Sciences represents the first triple-blinded randomized controlled trial specifically examining propolis for episiotomy recovery. The research team followed 72 first- and second-time mothers who had episiotomies during delivery, carefully tracking their pain levels and healing progress over 10 days.

The results were striking. Women using propolis ointment experienced significantly less pain throughout their recovery period. While both groups started with similar pain levels in the first 12 hours after delivery, the propolis group showed consistently better outcomes by day 10. Perhaps more importantly, the study found that propolis may support enhanced wound healing — a crucial factor in preventing complications and getting new mothers back to feeling like themselves.

The researchers used the REEDA scale (a standardized tool measuring Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Discharge, and Approximation) to assess healing progress. This objective measurement system eliminated guesswork and provided clear, measurable results that healthcare providers can trust.

Study Details:

What makes this research particularly valuable is its rigorous methodology. Triple-blinding means that the participants, researchers, and data analysts all remained unaware of which treatment each woman received — eliminating bias and ensuring the most reliable results possible.

How This Applies to Your Daily Life

Understanding how propolis might support your episiotomy recovery can help you make informed decisions about your postpartum care. Here’s what this research means for real-world recovery:

1. Pain Management May Become More Natural
The study suggests that propolis ointment could offer an alternative or complement to traditional pain management approaches. While prescription pain medications have their place, many new mothers worry about side effects, especially if they’re breastfeeding. Propolis may provide relief without the concerns associated with systemic medications, though you should always discuss any new treatments with your healthcare provider.

2. Faster Return to Normal Activities
Better wound healing typically means less time dealing with discomfort when sitting, walking, or caring for your baby. The research indicates that propolis may support the natural healing process, potentially helping you feel more comfortable sooner. This could mean less anxiety about everyday activities like using the bathroom, sitting to nurse your baby, or taking short walks — all important parts of healthy postpartum recovery.

3. Reduced Risk of Complications
While the study didn’t specifically measure infection rates, improved wound healing generally correlates with fewer complications. Better tissue repair and reduced inflammation may contribute to a smoother recovery process overall. This could mean fewer follow-up appointments for healing concerns and more confidence in your body’s recovery.

4. Simple Integration Into Postpartum Routine
The treatment protocol was remarkably straightforward — applying ointment twice daily for 10 days. This fits easily into the already-established routine of postpartum perineal care that most healthcare providers recommend. Unlike complex treatment regimens, this approach requires minimal additional effort during a time when new mothers are already managing countless new responsibilities.

What You Should Know Before Using Propolis for Episiotomy Care

Based on this research, here’s what the science currently tells us about using propolis for postpartum recovery:

Dosage and Application
The study used propolis ointment applied topically to the perineal area twice daily for 10 days. However, the specific concentration of propolis in the ointment used isn’t detailed in the available research summary. This is crucial information that you’ll need to discuss with your healthcare provider, as propolis products vary significantly in their active compound concentrations.

Safety Considerations
While the study found propolis to be well-tolerated, it’s important to remember that this research focused specifically on postpartum women without certain health conditions. The researchers likely had specific inclusion and exclusion criteria that determined who could safely participate in the study.

Who Should NOT Use Propolis
Propolis isn’t appropriate for everyone. You should avoid propolis if you have:

• Known allergies to bee products, including honey, beeswax, or previous propolis exposure
• Severe asthma, particularly if it’s triggered by bee-related allergens
• Immune system disorders that might be affected by propolis’s bioactive compounds
• Any open wounds showing signs of infection (propolis should never replace proper medical treatment for infected episiotomy sites)

Important Medical Supervision
Never start using propolis for episiotomy care without first consulting your obstetrician, midwife, or primary healthcare provider. They need to evaluate your specific healing progress and determine whether propolis is appropriate for your situation. Some episiotomies require specific medical treatments that shouldn’t be altered without professional guidance.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: How does propolis compare to other natural remedies for episiotomy healing?

A: This study specifically examined propolis against a placebo, not against other natural treatments like witch hazel, aloe vera, or sitz baths. While many women report benefits from various natural approaches, propolis appears unique in its combination of anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and tissue-healing properties. Research suggests that propolis contains over 300 bioactive compounds that may work synergistically to support healing. However, more comparative studies would help determine how propolis stacks up against other popular natural recovery methods. The advantage of this study is that it provides controlled, scientific evidence rather than relying solely on traditional use or anecdotal reports.

Q: Can I use propolis if I’m breastfeeding?

A: The study included breastfeeding mothers, suggesting topical propolis use may be compatible with nursing. However, this is definitely a conversation to have with your healthcare provider. While topical applications generally result in minimal systemic absorption, every mother’s situation is unique. Your doctor can evaluate factors like the specific propolis product you’re considering, your overall health, your baby’s health, and any other medications or treatments you’re using. They may also want to monitor both you and your baby if you decide to use propolis during breastfeeding, especially if either of you has any history of allergic reactions.

Q: How quickly might I notice improvements in pain or healing?

A: The study measured outcomes at 12 hours and 10 days post-delivery, but didn’t track daily changes throughout the treatment period. However, based on propolis’s known anti-inflammatory properties, some women might notice reduced discomfort within the first few days of consistent use. Wound healing improvements would likely become more apparent over the full 10-day treatment period. It’s important to have realistic expectations — episiotomy healing is a gradual process regardless of what treatments you use. Keep in mind that everyone heals at different rates, and factors like your overall health, the extent of the episiotomy, and how well you’re able to rest all influence recovery speed.

Q: Are there any side effects I should watch for?

A: While this study found propolis to be well-tolerated, you should monitor for any signs of allergic reaction, especially if you’ve never used bee products before. Watch for increased redness, swelling, itching, or any rash around the application area. These could indicate sensitivity to propolis. Also be alert for any worsening of pain, unusual discharge, or signs that healing seems to be slowing rather than progressing. If you experience any of these symptoms, discontinue use immediately and contact your healthcare provider. Remember that some people can develop allergies to substances they’ve used safely before, so even if you’ve used other bee products without problems, stay vigilant for any unusual reactions.

Q: Where can I find the type of propolis ointment used in this study?

A: The study was conducted in Iran, and the specific propolis ointment formulation used may not be readily available in the United States. However, various propolis-containing topical products are available through health food stores, online retailers, and some pharmacies. The key is finding a reputable product from a manufacturer that provides clear information about propolis concentration and purity. Look for products specifically designed for wound care or skin healing rather than general cosmetic formulations. Your healthcare provider may be able to recommend specific brands or help you evaluate product quality. Some compounding pharmacies might also be able to create custom propolis formulations based on the study parameters.

The Bottom Line

This research represents an important step forward in evidence-based postpartum care, offering new mothers a potentially valuable tool for episiotomy recovery. The study suggests that propolis ointment may significantly reduce pain and support better wound healing when used consistently during the critical first 10 days after delivery. While these findings are promising, it’s essential to remember that this represents just one study, albeit a well-designed one. More research will help confirm these benefits and determine optimal formulations and protocols. Most importantly, any postpartum healing approach should be discussed with and supervised by your healthcare provider, who can ensure it’s appropriate for your specific situation and compatible with your overall recovery plan.